Vehicle-tire.



G. LAMBRIGHT.

VEHICLE TIRE.

APPLIUATIOI FILED JUNE 28, 1908.

902,824. Patented Nov. 3, 190a.

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Elf/7n ca seer/ksw 77 vEmoLE rmEJ Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1902i;

Application filed June 28, 1906. Serial No. 323,8.

To all whom it may concern Be it knonn that l. Giux'r LAMJSLIUH'I, itcitizen of the United State residing in Rntlnrrl'ord, .in the county oflitl'fltll and State of New Jersey. have invented certain new and usefullll'l])l.UVUlllt*lll in Vehicle- Tircs, ofovhich the following is nspecification. y

This invention relates to pneumatic or influted vehicle tires, andperticularlfto those of the detachable type.

It is found that when, :1 pneumatic tire is detuchably connecied io therim of a wheel, the tire is liable to be pulled, away from itsfasteiiings, when it is subjected to the severe wrenching usuallyexperienced when the vehicle is turning a corner.

One object of my invention to provide a tire with an improved rim side,which is the base that secures the tire upon the rim. This base I makein the form of a ring or pair of rings built up of n series of smallerrings or cables, which are packed side by side and vulcanized togetherto make a solid ring or pair of rings of suilicientthickness orsubstance to form a solid annular wall entirely filling the groove inthe wheel rim and intended to be clamped between the usual clampingrings, which form portions of the rim. Not only is the base thus formedsolv idly clamped between said rings, but small rings or cables which goto form the base are substantially unyielding in longitudinal direction,and a series of these small rings extend entirely across the base,whereby danger of the base working over the clamping rin s and the tirebecoming loose is avoided. t the same time by removing the detachableclamping ring, the tire may be readily taken from the wheel.

Another feature of my invention relates principnll to the tread portionof the tire, and the o ject of this portion of the invention is toovercome the tendency of the ordi nory tire to expand or lengthencircumferen- 'ally of the run, when influted, therebv becommgcasier torip off the wheel; and i also aim to improve the durability andreliability of the tire, as well as to reduce the liability of the sameto puncture.

In the usual tire, the'plies of duck are arched at the tread of thetire. in conformity with the general 0 lindrical contour of the tire,and the tree although usually thick enough to evoid'pr'ematurc Wearingout, is

still too weak to accomplish the purpose of my invention. Instead ofarching the plies of fabric at the trend, as heretofore, 1dr press themin a manner to form :1 deep groove longitudinally of the tire, so thatin cross section the tubular structurc t'ormcdby the plies of duck isroughly cordifori'n; the bore of the tire having approximately the sameshape.

The annular mold upon which the tire is built up. has a groove extendingalong its periphery into which the rubber and fabric plies are depressedduring the construction of the tire; and in such depression I applybinding stri s, which will not only hold the plies of t uck securelyduriii the subsequent vulcanizing operation, but also serve while thetire is in use to prevent longitudinal expansion ofthe tread portion ofthe tire. These binding strips are preicrnbly built up alternately withlayers of rubber to make the tread of extraordinary thick" ness. andpractically unyielding in longitu' dinal direction. The strips, therubber and the fabric tiiken together form a hoop or annular rib, whichis so substantial to be self-sustaining. When the tire is inflate thisouter hoop or annular rib does not yield to air pressure, so that thetire does not enlarge'circumterentially of the "wheel, thus avoidingtendency to escape from the rim. Said thickened tread or rib forms anindependent support for air pressure. That is to say, it is capable ofw1thstanding,,without elongation, a much greater air pressure than isusual in pneumatic tires, and this makes it practicable to employ airpressure to much better purpose than heretofore for compressing the rimside of thetire against the rim of the wheel especially when said rimside is made in the form of a solid con tinuous base as describedherein. In other words thebnse portion of the tire is placed between twosubstantial supports, one of snidsupports being the rim itself and theother being the rib or hoop like thickened thread of the tire, and issecurely held by great pressure, said pressure bein sustained by saidrim. and the other side y said rib or hoop. Th greater the air pressurein the tire the tighter will the tire hug the rim,

Another advantage flowing from the herein described construction of thetrend is found in the reduced liability of the side walls of the tire todisruption from the air 2 IS a cross-section of one of the small ringsor annular cables which go to make up the rim or base portion of thetire. In this view, the small ring consists of a series of strips placedside by side and vulcanized totire: said ring 3 being clamped by-boltsgether. Fi 3 shows diagrammatically a manner of orming the small ringsby folding the fabric; and Fig. 4 shows how the fabric may be coiled forthe same purpose. Fig. 5 is a side view of a fragment of one of saidsmall rings, and Fig. 6 shows diagrammatically a. perspective thereof.'Fig. 7 illustrates the manner of applying some of the improvements to;a clencher tire.

The rim 1 of the wheel may be of any suitable form, and is illustratedas having side flanges or rings 2, between which is confined the rimportion or base 4 of the 5 against the base of the tire, said base maleing a solid filling for the groove formed in the rim by the flanges 2,3.

The rim or base of the tire is largely built upof a series of relativelysmall rings 6, and

.is preferably divided longitudinally as at 7,

for convenience in detaching the tire; four of the rings 6 being shownon each side of said division. Each ring is preferably formed of closewoven hard duck or muslin orsheeting in the form of numerous strips 8,2, each being secured to; the others by a 'compound 9, which ispreferably of a charactor, to make semi-hard rubber, so that the ringmay possess considerable rigidity. Moreover the threads of the fabricrun longitudinally of the ring, as seen at Fi 5, so

that the same is unyielding, and becomes in efi'ect a cable to hold thetire, upon the rim "of the wheel. These small rings are placed closelyside by side, Fig. 1, with intervening'layers of semi-hard rubber orcompound 10; so that at the vulcanizmg of the tire, the

small rings are vulcanized or united into or coiletiias at 8", Fig. 4;but in two wide thick rings, which abut at the mid.-

of therini at 7. Each of the small rings 6, may consist either ofnumerous separate strips placed side byside and cemented tegethei' as atFigs. 2 and 5, or the fabric may be or'med in successive folds as at 8,Fig. 3, all cases the threads should run longitudinally of the ring, so'"as to render the same unyielding.

.t ubular The usual bolts 11 may be fitted in the rim, and provided ontheir inner ends with lugs or rings 12 to catch over the adjacent sidesof the divided tire; although this securing means need not always beemployed. I

The walls of the tire embody the usual layers of duck or the like, whichform a. structure 13, extending along the rim. 'lhis tubular structureof fabric is formed with a. deep depression H extending around thewheel, so thatthe internal eontour of the cover is substantiallycordiform or two lobed, Fig. 1,the usual inner or air tube '15 having acorresponding shape and being inflated as usual by means of a valve 16.Preferably after the first or inner ply 17 of duck is laid upon thegrooved mold used in constructing the tire, a strip 18 is employed tobind the layer 17 down into the groove of the mold; a layer of rubber 19preferably intervening between the strip and the duck. Upon the bindingstrip 18 may be laid a layer of rubber 20, and upon the latterunay beplaced the remaining-plies of the duck 13; all being bound down into thegroove of the mold by means of one or more additional binding strips 21,which preferably alternate with layers of rubber, thereby filling n) thegroove or depression in the tire; an this building up process maycontinue by employing additional binding strips 22 alternatingwithlayers of rubber, to build up the crown of the tread portion of thetire; 'a thick layer of rubber completing the tread, as at 23, andforming a thick wearing wall, which it will take a long time to wearaway, so that the outermost of the binding stripst22 is not liable to bereached during the life of the tire.

It will be understoodthat the binding strips taken together contributematerially to the security of this portion of the tire againstlongitudinal extension due to the air pres- I sure in. the tube 15,thereby securing advantages that have been already referred to;

While the la ers of rubber taken to ether with the bin ing stri s andthe plies o duck 13 form a substantia hoop or rib in the nature of a rimwhich is self-sustaining against air pressure, and is still sufficientlyyielding to exterior pressure to insure an easy riding resilient tire.It will be understood that the binding strips which surround the tirehave the effect of binding together tightly the plies of fabric at 14,so that the latter are not iable to become separated in use therebytending materially to prolong the life of the tire. In order to addstill more strength and durability to the tire, I anchor the fabricplies 13 to the rings 6 of which the base of the tire is built up. Theend of each of the plies at 1-3 is carried down alongside of one of therings 6, as seen at. 24. The outer ply or plies are carried as at 25entirely around the group of rings going to make up each hull of thebuss: ()l the tin; Wllll ntlnu' plins urn curried singly hulww-nznljnininn rings as at f-l. and at the linul apt-ml inn n'l' t'lll lllfl: the tire the tire rings, tin dunk ill 1L??? und the interveninglayers of ruhliur and t-i'uupmunl are all Vulcanized to make u HUllilllllt'tlll'Q. By the use at four tings in ouch half 0! tintire basin itwill he set-n that liw pin-n nt' tlic duck nniy luv svpui'ntnlyzlllljlltliutl in tilt uninnnr' spuliqu of Wlliln nun n1" nun-nadditional plies may he (carried around the group of rings thus nndtingn ,-ructi=;:idly indnstnuz tihle attuclnuent for the ends of the plien(3E duck, no that no trouble can hit mipnriznuul from said plies pullingiiwziy nr becoming lune-1e from the bane of tho tire. Said biLHi, itwill be seen, in of substantial width from side to side of the rim, andtherefore ntfm'da nn extonsivn surface subjected to tlu pres SllI't-f ofair in the tire, thui'nh-y nHi-uwly hnliin the tin: upon tlur i'ini; lll'it living nn linhility of the tin: nlnnguting t)! growing largerdinuwtriuully in tin; hut-h luwnuHn nf the longitudinally unyii-ldinvhzu'uvlui' ut the binding vtripi; l8, Ql und yielding to presei've therzu hioning :u'tinn (it the tiru; whih the Slfll$n upun suid n'ullnradially ot' the Whvnl is unitirinlly i'wluvml owing: to the ability ofthe nulf-nuninining ll'tfltl portion of the lfilt tn withstand the airpressure without stroll-hing. it nill 0v Fttll that the tread pm'timnit"(n urni'ly the @ntinr width nl tlu ting in Yin-y nun-h l yieldingthan the side walls L'ti ut' tlu tire, and as A result thui'clH $UHlPsprnndingg of tln- Hitlt \vuils whun. thu tin in in uctinn, l)lil ull'li'h tiwly slight yivldiug ul' tlu tivnd. For this i'uusun, thwrv isu llt.llllll;; nn l'lu full body ul uir in the tin. ur n nlhvr ul'llh.wlu n liui tin yields :itull it must \i ld for its (-ntiz'e: width. inu=nd of only at one small npnl in thy tt'illltl" us in tlnu unl thinlln' ttl Iii- 5 Thu Ilt'liUIl nl tlu' tire i lhvi'vliy wry illlffllilupi-vwd. It will lw undvwthud thut lien lllf'lt' i lillt'l'tllilintm'tiwu (lithe tin-.115 win-n llin \'l'llltl in giving :unnnd Itmu'nni'. lll lnnd 'nvy is in iil'ziu' nnv nidv id tlu l'iz'u lm-vutilinwt lllf tilll i hllll' thin-mt;tluu'n a still 'lul'lhvr rvduriiu:l'nv liuluiity nl' flu tin: tn lu-wnnn -1 n|mi wd l'l'nni tlw llill.

it Fit. T tlutown and tUllSll'llt'lltlll u'l tin:

tmpn 0t the inwniinn, and purtinun id thv E strip; the Wnllu of thei-uwi' llltlLtlllllfJ nu i liltl'tllifw lllllml ut' 't'ulu'ic, all atthe plius in said miniliving znulun'cd Separately npnn mild 1 u u, :1uiugliply tn mull strip at (almll with ut the tire.

2. A pneumatic tire for whivles, comprisinn :1 minin whose hunt areincluded nu- IHGHJUS unnnliu' suhntnntiully unyielding strips the wallsUli the uni:- invludiug plies of fuhriir, said plies hving Jillt'llUIPflupon said strips, UHF ply tn murh strip the plies nnd ntripn ultm'nutiugWith thin layers of btlllhllfll'tl rubber, th'v strips, l'UlJllt :lIltlfuhl'lL hiring vulcanized tn 'ntluu".

3; A pi'uuuuutiv t'ii'e lnr \Elllt'ltrl, Qmupiis i'ng :1 r'ini pm'tinii:1 tiuud portion, and flexihln wulln c-nnnvcting nnid portions; thetrend pm'tion lining greatly thickened in proportion to thu width (itthe tire, to form a hill)- ntnntiully si'lliuustniuing annular rib;fabric i-xunuling l'rniu the base portion up through the widvs, undlnllowing the inner mntnui' ml tlui u: nulnr ril'n and the hilt?! havingnnh Hnntiully iuvxtvnnihlu flnxihlo hands l l' slz'ipm running ulung tlutin: within mid "ill und hiuding' upon said fnhiriix lw pnmuuuliu tiretuz' \Plllt'lLR i'ur'inod ot' inhlwr' Jliltl tulu-ic. the .fnhrivforming a. sub Aunt/ml portion of the rim Sill as well is of tlunidgnund trend of the tire, and being sub-- alnnllull} in tlw tin-1n (it umultiple ply annnlur tt rt' having it longitudinal depression in itw'iplu iy; und :1 plu nlity (if binding l'i pri in will lfilll'vhhlullcxlvnding around llnli 'v.

ii iii piu-unnil it lit? l'ui' whii'les 'lnrniud of inlan and l'zd riv.the iihric twining u Sillitunliul piulinn (ll tlu i'iiu mid, us '(ll:lhi rd tin), ilw and tnnil iii the tire, and hein; Hill)- atunliully inllw liu'in ul u multiple; ply uu nuluilulu liming u longitudinal(lLlJltnSlOll in itpvripluny; and u plural ty of binding hip; in suidlltlll'lJ'FhlUll extending :nound i ilu= lll't'. mid stripnulti'i'nuting with luyt-i-n nl i'nliluu'; tln: strips. l'lll l Ll nndl'ulu'iC lui'iuiug u gi'uutly thivlwned trend, which in llill'litll idin: middle pin-titan, and nunntitulvn u mll ilhlililtiligj n nnulnillll.

inn lllllliti' :uul strips of binding llllllt'llill nntIl nu tll't'llttluutm' vnntrnn "t' 'hu L'tHLl' i l n'inud: said binding strips vxteuding'lung-itudinully n? the tirr.

tum N l L it run (I I W t l H i g i

